某飞行器推力矢量试验测力装置研制

为满足某飞行器推力矢量试验的测试要求,采用两台六分量应变天平和一个空气桥组成测力装置来实现飞机全机气动力和喷管推进特性同时分别测量。基于有限元软件,对天平的应变及空气桥对天平的干扰进行了分析。结果表明:空气桥对天平力分量的干扰值优于5%,对力矩(滚转力矩除外)分量的干扰值优于15%,达到了设计指标。通过校准获得了单独天平、天平带空气桥(充压、不充压)状态下的校准公式,校准结果表明:两台天平各分量的综合加载误差均优于0.3%,天平带空气桥(充压、不充压)状态下各分量的综合加载误差优于0.5%,空气桥对天平的干扰量值与有限元分析结果一致。理论分析与实测结果证明:研制的天平及空气桥达到了预定目标,它的测量精准度高,满足推力矢量风洞试验需求。     

基于任务的微机电惯性系统规模化测试技术研究

针对传统惯性测试技术测试周期长、测试效率低、测试成本高等问题，提出了基于任务的微机电惯性系统规模化测试解决方案。研究分析了微机电惯性系统测试技术的研究现状和发展趋势，建立了基于任务的微机电惯性系统测试体系，详细论证了微机电惯性系统批量、并行、自动化测试解决方案的可行性，为微机电惯性系统规模化测试实践奠定了基础。     

天基强银河背景下的空间碎片探测试验及分析

本文设计并完成了银河背景下碎片探测试验，数据分析表明，强的银河背景会降低探测器对暗弱碎片的探测能力，但对碎片的天文定位精度影响不大。本文验证了采用基于探测概率的极限探测星等方法表征探测器极限探测能力的合理性，以及基于仿真的方法增加数据完备度的可行性。本文的工作将为后续天基探测器的设计及探测试验的开展提供依据。     

Numerical investigation of flow mechanisms of tandem impeller inside a centrifugal compressor

This study numerically investigated a single stage centrifugal compressor ‘‘Radiver’’ with a wedge diffuser and several tandem-designed impellers to explore the flow phenomena within the tandem impeller and the potential to enhance compressor performance. The results demonstrate that tandem design and clocking fraction (λ_s) significantly affects the compressor performance. The compressor stage with tandem impellers of Series A of boundary layer growth interruption alone are observed to have a widely operating range but efficiency and total pressure ratio penalty compared with that of conventional impeller. The tandem impeller with at least the same impeller efficiency as the conventional design is considered as a critical design criteria so that further modification process based on the flow characteristic of tandem impeller is necessary. In order to restrain the inducer wake and exducer shock losses, parameters modification of blade angle and thickness distributions are necessary and the modified tandem impeller of Series B is obtained. The modified tandem impeller with 25% clocking arrangement shows an 8.45% stall margin increase and maintains the total pressure ratio and efficiency as the conventional design, which proves the potential of tandem impeller to improve compressor stage performance. It is noteworthy that the tandem impellers of Radiver have not shown obviously balanced exit flow field and the fundamental mechanism of stall margin extending of tandem impeller lies on the improved impeller/diffuser matching performance resulting from the incidence angle variation at diffuser inlet.     

基于不确定性的飞行器分离可靠性建模与分析方法

为实现飞行器分离任务可靠性的定量分析和高效精确评估，研究了高超声速飞行器分离任务过程中各种不确定性因素对分离可靠性的影响，提出一种基于不确定性的飞行器分离可靠性建模与分析方法。面向高超声速飞行器分离任务需求，建立分离动力学仿真模型，综合考虑分离过程不确定性因素的影响，利用灵敏度分析方法识别主要不确定性因素，构建分离可靠性模型。针对此模型，提出一种改进主动学习Kriging(IAK)的分离可靠性分析方法，通过新的采样策略选取失效概率更大的采样点作为新增训练点，进行高效可靠性分析。实例结果表明，该方法能够准确描述不确定性因素对分离过程的影响，提升分离可靠性定量分析的精度和效率，为飞行器分离方案的精细化设计提供支撑。     

基于G-M制冷机的大尺寸冷屏设计方法

介绍了基于Gifford-Mcmahon (G-M)制冷机的大尺寸冷屏的设计方法。该低温冷屏配合真空环境模拟室共同使用，为遥感卫星的星载遥感器等部件的红外定标试验提供20K的低温冷背景。该冷屏采用5台G-M制冷机进行制冷，外形尺寸达到1m×1m，是目前国内同类型冷屏中尺寸最大的。详细介绍了冷屏在容器内的安装布置、冷缩时的补偿等结构设计方法、冷屏的表面温度分布以及降温时间等计算分析。成功解决了大尺寸冷屏在低温环境下的冷缩补偿难题，试验结果表明:冷屏主要测点温度为15K，温度均匀性误差为±1K，达到并超过设计要求。      

双模式离子液体推进剂的分解特性与热试车实验研究

硝酸羟胺(HAN)/1 乙基 3 甲基咪唑硫酸乙酯(［Emim］［EtSO4］)混合离子液体推进剂具有绿色无毒、高性能、易电离的特点，既可以应用于化学推进模式，又可以应用于电推进模式，是肼类推进剂的一种理想的替代品.利用热重分析 差示扫描量热法(TGA DSC)研究了HAN/［Emim］［EtSO4］离子液体推进剂的热分解和催化分解过程.研究了其在升温速率为5 K/min~15 K/min时，热分解和催化分解情况下的失重过程和放热过程.失重结果表明，该离子液体推进剂分解过程中，放热曲线表明，分解过程存在两个显著的放热过程使用催化剂可以显著地降低推进剂的分解温度和残余质量.最后，研制了推力为200 mN的模型发动机，热试车结果表明，HAN/［Emim］［EtSO4］离子液体推进剂可以在催化点火条件下实现稳定启动，在空间推进领域具有良好应用前景.     

Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

Д-30发动机ЭИ868合金扇形块的钎焊修复

针对某Д-30发动机大修对ЭИ868合金(对应于我国的牌号GH3044)扇形块的修复要求,采用真空钎焊的方法对扇形块进行了钎焊补焊。对钎焊补焊的扇形块进行超声波探伤。结果表明,钎缝内部质量满足HB7575-97一级钎焊接头的要求,表明所确定的修复工艺可实现ЭИ868合金扇形块的可靠修复。     

多飞行器再入段时间协同弹道规划方法

提出了一种多飞行器再入段时间协同弹道规划方法。首先,在纵向平面内规划满足航程与终端约束的纵向标称轨迹。随后,在采用轨迹跟踪律跟踪纵向标称轨迹的同时,运用考虑初始横侧向状态的多边界航向偏差角走廊策略控制飞行器的横侧向机动,以满足到达时间约束与终端约束,进而实现单枚飞行器到达时间约束下的轨迹规划。在此基础上,完成了飞行器的到达时间分布与飞行能力分析,给出了最小与最大到达时间的分析计算方法,并根据多飞行器协同再入的任务需求完成了协同飞行时间决策。最后,多飞行器协同再入与扰动条件下的仿真结果表明,该方法能够规划出满足到达时间与终端约束的协同再入轨迹,具备良好的计算精度与鲁棒性。